Production of motor gasolines



Unit d States Patent jrRopUcrro or MOTOR GASOLINES No Drawing. Application March 12, 1957 Serial No. 645,412

Claims priority, application Great Britain March 22, 1956 6 Claims. (Cl. 208-17) This invention relates to the production of motor gasoline.

agents such as fluorine, phosphoric acid or silica. A catalyst comprising tungsten and nickel oxides on alumina is also suitable.

According to one particular method of preparing a high octane component from an S0 kerosene extract, a kerosene extract having a boiling range of 170 to 260 C. is passed at 1.0v./v./hr. of liquid feedstock over a catalyst consisting of the oxides of cobalt and molybdenum on alumina at 990 F. and 900 p.s.i.ga. together with 8,000 s.c.f./b. of hydrogen. A gasoline fraction was recovered from the products of the hydrogenation step and was blended with a light catalytically cracked gasoline derived from Kuwait crude oil in the ratios of 60:40 and 55:45 by volume. The properties of the two components and of the blends are set out in the following table.

Product Feed L.O.C. Blend 1 Blend 2 Gasoline Total Gasoline 1 Kuwait kerosene SO, extract, percent vol. 100 Total hydrocracked product, percent v01 100 Gasoline fraction from hydrocracked product,

percent vol 100 60 55 Kuwait light cat. cracked gasoline, percent vnl 100 Specific gravity at 60 F./60 F 0. 8815 0. 8455 0.8385 0.6725 0.7770 0. 7690 AS'IM distillation, 0.:

IBP 168 43 53. 5 33 40 45 174 66 78 38. 5 47 49 177. 5 83 92. 5 40. 5 52 51 182 100 106 41 57 54 189 125. 5 123 43. 5 66 59 195 137. 5 134 45. 5 77 69. 5 201 149 142 48. 5 93 82. 5 208 159 149. 5 51. 5 114 100 215 171 157 55 135 123. 5 222. 5 182 163 60 151 143 232 196 171. 5 66. 5 164 161 243. 5 219. 5 188 77. 5 183 178 257. 5 250. 5 210. 5 102 204 202 Recovered 70 0., percent vol 1. 5 84 25 31 100 0., percent vol. 44 140 C percent v 63 67 185 C., perceht vol 200 0., percent vol" 240 0., percent vol Research octane number ar Research octane number plus 1.5 mLTEL/IG- 1 Yield of gasoline on total hydrocracked product: 87% weight. 1 Figures denote iso octane plus mL'IEL/USG.

3 Calculated value.

According to the invention, a high octane motor gaso line of adequate volatility consists essentially of a blend of a high octane, low volatility component produced by catalytically destructively hydrogenating an aromatic extract derived from petroleum and boiling above the gasoline range, and a high octane, high volatility component consisting of the lower boiling fraction of catalytically cracked gasoline having an end boiling point between 80 and 120 C.

Aromatic extracts suitable for the preparation of a blending component for use in accordance with the present invention are obtained during the solvent extraction of kerosene fractions for the production of refined kerosene, and of lubricating oil fractions in the production of lubricating oils.

The aromatic extract may be subjected to catalytic destructive hydrogenation over a wide range of conditions. In general however, the hydrogenation process is carried out at a temperature of at least 800 F., a pressure of at least 500 p.s.i.ga. and with a hydrogen circulation rate of at least 4,000 s.c.f./b. The space velocity is advantageously between 0.5 and 2.0 v./v./hr. of the liquid feedstock.

Any sulphur resistant hydrogenation catalyst may be employed but the catalyst is preferably on an alumina base. The catalyst may be of cobalt and molybdenum oxides on alumina either unpromoted or promoted with It will be seen that both blends had a Research octane number with 1.5 m1. TEL/1G of at least 100, and that whereas only 8% by volume of the gasoline derived from the extract was recovered at C., at least 44% by volume was recovered at 100 C. in the case of the two blends.

We claim:

1. A high octane motor gasoline of adequate volatility, said motor gasoline having a Research octane number with 1.5 ml. TEL/1G of at least 100, a volatility of not less than about 44% volume recovered at 100 C. and consisting essentially of a blend of two components, one being a high octane, low volatility gasoline recovered from the products produced by catalytically destructively hydrogenating an aromatic extract derived from the petroleum and boiling above the gasoline range, and the other being a high octane, high volatility gasoline fraction consisting of the lower boiling fraction of catalytically cracked gasoline having an end boiling point between 80 and C.

2. A gasoline according to claim 1, wherein said aromatic extract has been derived from a kerosene fraction.

3. A gasoline according to claim 1, wherein said aromatic extract has been derived from a lubricating oil fraction.

4. A gasoline according to claim 1, wherein the arcmatic extract has been subjected to catalytic destructive hydrogenation at a temperature of atleast 800 'F., a pressure of at least 500 p.s.i.ga., and with a hydrogen circulation rate of at least 4000 s.c.f./b.

5. .A sgasoline accordingto claim 1, wherein theflcatalystrtemployed for the destructive hydrogeuationof the aromatic extract consists of the oxides-of cobalt and molybdenum on alumina, promoted with an agent selected from the group consisting of fluorine, phosphoric acid and silica.

6. A gasoline according to'claim 1, wherein the catalyst employed for the destructive hydrogenation of the 4 aromatic extract consists of the oxides of tungsten and nickel on alumina.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,146,039 Whiteley Feb. 7, 1939 2,211,732 Sachanen'et'al. Aug. 13, 1940 2,242,504 Benedict etal. May 20,v 1941 2,279,550 Benedictet 'al Apr. 14, 1942 FOREIGN 'PATENTS 325,858 Great Britain Feb. 28, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION I Patent Nou 2,894,896 July 14., 1959 Ernest Carlton Housem at al e printed specification or appears in th d that the said Letters It is hereby certified that err ng correct-ion an of the above numbered patent requiri Patent should read as corrected below.

Column line a er "from" strike out "tl'ls"e Signed and sealed this 19th day of April 196G.

(SEAL) Attest:

ROBERT C. WATSON 

1. A HIGH OCTANE MOTOR GASOLINE ADEQUATE VOLATILITY, SAID MOTOR GASOLINE HAVING A RESEARCH OCTANE NUMBER EITH 1,5 ML. TEL/IG OF AT LEAST 100, A VOLTAIITY OF NOT LESS THAN ABOUT 44% VOLUME RECOVERED AT 100*C. AND CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A BLEND OF TWO COMPONENTS, ONE BEING A HIGH OCTANE, LOW VOLTATILITY GASOLINE RECOVERED FROM THE PRODUCTS PRODUCED BY CATALYTICALLY DESTRUCTIVELY HYDROGENATING AN AROMATIC EXTRACT DERIVED FROM THE PETROLEUM AND BOILING ABOVE THE GASOLINE RANGE, AND THE OTHER BEING A HIGH OCTANE, HIGH VOLATILITY GASOLINE FRACTION CONSISTING OF THE LOWER BOILING FRACTION OF CATALYTICALLY CRACKED GASOLINE HAVING ANEND BOILING POINT BETWEEN 80 AND 120*C. 